Er, Sr, Od Dosage Forms

[sarvesh]

Can anyone help me out in understanding the following terminologies :

1. extended release
2. od dosage forms
3. controlled release
4. timed release

[SPMayock]

Dear Sarvesh,

Essentially all of these terms are used to describe the general category of "modified release" solid oral dosage forms. The other major category of solid oral dosage is immediate release. Most of the terms are interchangeable with some minor distinctions.

1. Both terms, "extended release" and "timed release" describe dosage forms that are intended to release drug over a period of time which is longer than 1-2 hours usually 6-24 hours.
2. The term "Controlled release" is a more general term similar to "modified release". This would include the previous two terms and also dosage forms which are enteric coated which will not release in the low pH environment of the stomach, but are designed to release in the higher pH environment of the small intestine. Once in the small intestine, the dosage is an immediate release product.
3. Finally, I am not familar with "od dosage forms". Do you know what "od" is?

Also, not all modified release dosages are solid oral, but these are mostly talked about in these terms.

I hope this helps.

Steve

[Roobydoo]

od?

I'll take a guess that you mean "Orally Disintegrating Tablets" (ODTs), the "fast-dissolving" type of dosage forms that are designed to disintegrate within the oral cavity, producing a suspension that is easier to swallow. ODTs are usually formulated with a flavoring agent or sweetener in order to mask the bitter taste of the drug as it dissolves in the mouth. So you might od on ODTs because they can taste so good!

Good article by Jim Klancke on dissolution testing of ODTs in current issue of Dissolution Technologies (Volume 10, Issue 1, Feb 2003):

http://www.dissolutiontech.com/DTresour/0503art/DT0503art1.pdf

[BHAVESH SHAH]

USP 26

1. Immediate release
2. Modified release
3. Delayed release (enteric-coated)

OD : Once daily

[sarvesh]

thanks all

od means once daily, what does it mean?

are these terminologies related to toxicity or/and time factor?

:(

[SPMayock]

Once daily means that the patient needs to take the dosage once per day (usually orally) and that the drug will be release in the GI tract over a 24 hour period. The drug release is typically designed to maintain blood levels of the drug above the minimum level for efficacy, but below the level of toxicity.

[sarvesh]

Dear Steve Mayock

Thank you for your answer. This is going to help me.

[sagarprasanna]

dear sarvesh
example for once daily available tablet is CIPROFLOXACIN

[JPMC]

There are authors that reserve the designation of "controlled release forms" to pharmaceutical forms that release the drug according zero order process